Guntha to Acre, Hectare to Acre and Are to Guntha: Land Unit Conversion

Land records in Maharashtra and many other states show area in hectares and ares (H-R), while buyers, sellers and brokers talk in acres, gunthas and square feet. This guide explains guntha to acre, hectare to acre and are to guntha conversions with a ready conversion table, shows how to read the area on a 7/12 extract (Satbara Utara), and walks through worked examples.

Land Measurement Units in Maharashtra

• Hectare (H) – the metric unit used in official land records: 10,000 square metres.
• Are (R, "Aar") – one hundredth of a hectare: 100 square metres.
• Acre – the traditional unit used in sale deals: 43,560 square feet, about 4,046.86 m².
• Guntha – one fortieth of an acre: 1,089 square feet, about 101.17 m². Widely used for plots in Maharashtra, Karnataka and Gujarat.

Land Area Conversion Table

How to Convert Guntha to Acre

Acres = Gunthas ÷ 40

So 20 gunthas = 0.5 acre, 10 gunthas = 0.25 acre and 60 gunthas = 1.5 acres. To go the other way, multiply acres by 40: 2.5 acres = 100 gunthas.

How to Convert Hectare to Acre

Acres = Hectares × 2.4711

1 hectare = 2.4711 acres, 2 hectares = 4.94 acres and 0.5 hectare = 1.236 acres. To convert acres to hectares, multiply by 0.4047.

How to Convert Are to Guntha

Gunthas = Ares × 0.9884

An are is only slightly smaller than a guntha – 100 m² against 101.17 m² – which is why many people treat them as roughly equal. For accurate transactions, use the exact factor: 50 ares = 49.42 gunthas, not 50.

How to Read the Area on a 7/12 Extract

The 7/12 extract (Satbara Utara) is the record of rights for agricultural land in Maharashtra, combining Village Form VII (ownership) and Form XII (cultivation). The area is usually written in H-R format, for example 1-25.00, meaning 1 hectare and 25 ares. Some extracts also show pot kharaba – uncultivable land within the survey number – separately; check whether you need the total or the cultivable area. You can view and download digitally signed 7/12 extracts on the state's Mahabhumi portal.

Worked Example: 1 Hectare 25 Ares

A 7/12 extract shows an area of 1 H 25 R.

1. Convert to hectares: 1 + 25 ÷ 100 = 1.25 hectares.
2. In acres: 1.25 × 2.4711 = 3.089 acres.
3. In gunthas: 3.089 × 40 = 123.55 gunthas (about 3 acres 3.55 gunthas).
4. In square feet: 12,500 m² × 10.7639 = about 1,34,549 sq ft.

Another example: 0 H 50 R = 0.5 hectare = 1.236 acres = 49.42 gunthas.

Converting to Square Feet for Plots

For residential plots, square feet is the most useful unit. Multiply gunthas by 1,089: a 5-guntha plot is 5,445 sq ft. Multiply square metres by 10.7639: a 200 m² plot is about 2,153 sq ft. Remember that a plot's carpet or built-up area for a building is a different measure from the land area on the 7/12 extract.

Local Units in Other States

Units such as bigha, biswa, kanal, marla, cent and ground are used in other parts of India, and their size varies from state to state – a bigha in Rajasthan is not the same as a bigha in Assam or West Bengal. The cent, used in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, is 1/100 of an acre (435.6 sq ft). Always confirm the local value with the revenue office or the land record before relying on a conversion.

Tips When Buying Land

• Match the area on the 7/12 extract with the sale deed and the survey map (measurement record).
• Check the owner's name, any loans or encumbrances in the "other rights" column, and mutation entries (ferfar).
• Confirm whether the land is agricultural or non-agricultural (NA) – building on agricultural land usually needs NA permission.
• Get a licensed surveyor to measure the plot on the ground.
• Ask a lawyer to verify title for at least 30 years before paying a large advance.

Guntha, Square Yards and Gaj

In many cities, plots are also sold in square yards, called gaj in north India. One square yard is 9 square feet, so 1 guntha = 121 square yards and 1 acre = 4,840 square yards.

Other Land Records You May Need

• Form 8A (Khate Utara) – lists all the survey numbers held by a person or family in a village, with the total area and land revenue.
• Ferfar (mutation entries) – the history of changes to ownership, such as sales, inheritance and partitions, which are reflected in the 7/12 extract.
• Property card – used instead of the 7/12 extract for land in city survey areas, recording the city survey number, area and holder.
• Survey map (measurement plan) – shows the boundaries and dimensions of the survey number or plot.
• NA order – permission to use agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes such as housing.

Many of these records are available online through the state's land records and e-services portals.

How Land Is Measured on the Ground

Land is measured by government surveyors or licensed private surveyors. Traditional methods used a surveyor's chain and compass; today surveyors use total stations, GPS and, in many villages, drone mapping to create digital maps of plots. If the area on the ground does not match the land record, you can apply to the land records office for an official measurement. Differences of a few square metres are common with older records, but large differences should be resolved before buying.

Why Different Calculators Show Slightly Different Answers

Some people use rounded factors such as "1 hectare = 2.5 acres" or "1 are = 1 guntha". These shortcuts are fine for quick estimates but can cause noticeable errors on large holdings: for 10 hectares, 2.5 acres per hectare gives 25 acres instead of the correct 24.71 acres – a difference of more than 11 gunthas. For legal or financial decisions, use exact factors, as our 7/12 land calculator does.

More Worked Conversions

• 2.5 acres to gunthas: 2.5 × 40 = 100 gunthas.
• 100 gunthas to hectares: 100 ÷ 98.84 ≈ 1.012 hectares.
• 3 H 00 R to acres: 3 × 2.4711 = 7.413 acres (about 7 acres 16.5 gunthas).
• 15 gunthas to square feet: 15 × 1,089 = 16,335 sq ft.
• 5,000 sq ft to gunthas: 5,000 ÷ 1,089 ≈ 4.59 gunthas.

When a result has a fraction of an acre, multiply the decimal part by 40 to express it in gunthas, as in 7.413 acres = 7 acres and 0.413 × 40 ≈ 16.5 gunthas.

Frequently Asked Questions

Disclaimer: Conversions use standard factors and are rounded. Official land area is as recorded in government land records and survey maps. For purchases, verify the documents with the revenue office and a qualified lawyer.